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On St. Augustine(2014-08-29)
Yesterday, we had the feast of St. Augustine, Bishop, confessor and doctor of the Church. His teaching enlightened the whole middle Ages, and still today gives much light to the Catholic Doctrine.
As you may know, he was born of a pagan father and a holy Catholic mother, St Monica. He was not baptised as a child, and later fell into the Manichean heresy. He searched for the truth, but in his pride he wanted to understand everything, and was not ready to bow in humility before the Revelation, giving Faith to something he did not understand. The Manicheans deceived him by promising to give him understanding, so he was caught by them. But after a few years, they were incapable to fulfil their promise, and the errors of their thinking were more and more evident to him. He then fell in some kind of scepticism, thinking that no one could ever attain the truth. His own moral life at the time had fallen low; he was living in concubinage, and was very much disgusted by his state.
His search for a good position in life led him to the emperor¡¯s court in Milan – and Divine Providence used this to bring him to listen to the Bishop of Milan at that time, who was St Ambrose. Through the prayers of his mother and the preaching of St Ambrose, he was opening to the faith, and one day the Mercy of God overwhelmed him and changed him completely. From that day on, he strove to serve our Lord Jesus Christ with all the generosity of his heart; he no longer wanted to marry, but chose a life of perfection according to the evangelical counsels of poverty, chastity and obedience. He was baptised by St Ambrose on the Easter vigil, 24th April 387. He then returned to Africa and to his native village of Tagaste, not too far from Tunis and Carthage. He founded a monastery there, and became a priest in 391 and a bishop in 395.
He defended the Catholic faith first against the Manicheans, then against the Donatists and finally against the Pelagians. He commented many passages of the Scriptures, especially the Psalms and St John¡¯s Gospel. He wrote on philosophy and even more on theology; he is famous for his treaty on the most Holy Trinity. He wrote his ¡°Confessions¡± to give glory to God for his conversion. He started this beautiful work by this beautiful statement: ¡°Thou hast made us for Thee, o Lord, and our heart is restless until it can rest in Thee!¡±
Now this is a very important truth, which I would like to explain. We are created by God, and we ought to return to God: we are made to find our happiness in God, and in nothing less! God is our ultimate END, the ultimate goal of our life. We had a couple weeks ago the feast of the Assumption of our Lady: then we contemplated the ultimate goal of her life: this supreme happiness to be with God forever! Then the body of our Lady was lifted up into Heaven to share the happiness of the soul. What Christ did for her at the beginning of the life of the Church, He will do for all his Saints at the end of the world. This is our hope!
We did not make ourselves; not even our parents made us: they transmitted to us a life which they themselves had received; they did not decide that we would have two eyes, two ears, etc.; they did not design our body and much less our soul. They simply were the instruments through whom life was transmitted to us. But the Author of life is God! He is the great designer, the Supreme Intelligence who ordered all things and especially our life, the Creator of all things visible (such as our body) and invisible (such as our soul). Now when someone makes something, he has something in view, a purpose for which he made such thing. An engineer who makes a car has in view good and safe driving; an architect who makes a house has in view a practical and pleasant residence in that house, etc. And so God had a purpose when He made us, a marvellous purpose, a purpose which is not merely at our natural level but a supernatural purpose: participation in His own beatitude. He wanted us to be blessed for ever with Him in Heaven: ¡°Well done, good and faithful servant, because thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will place thee over many things: enter thou into the joy of thy lord¡±! This is our ultimate end, and we need to keep it constantly in view: we are not made for earthly joys, but for a heavenly joy. As said before, St Augustine beautifully exposes that truth: ¡°Thou hast made us for Thee, o Lord, and our heart is restless until it can rest in Thee!¡±
Anyone who searches for happiness elsewhere than in God will not find it, precisely because ¡°Thou hast made us for Thee, o Lord, and our heart is restless until it can rest in Thee!¡± Many people today search for happiness in earthly things, and not finding it, commit suicide. This is particularly true either of young people, or of elderly people. Both share the same drama: ¡°they have no hope!¡± (1 Thess. 4:13) The goal of their life is only on earth: money, pleasures, power. When they see themselves no longer able to get it, especially when old age with its sufferings comes, especially in terminal illness, then they commit suicide. Suffering is bad enough; despair makes it worse! And suicide crowns a life without God by a final crime. All those who deliberately commit suicide die as criminals: either they were already criminals before they committed it, or if they were innocent they became criminal by killing an innocent (themselves)! Far from avoiding suffering, they throw themselves into everlasting torment! So it is really bad, and by killing themselves they destroy the time needed to repent; to deter people from this great sin, the Church punished it by denying ecclesiastical burial. We must pray to our Lord Jesus Christ for all those who are tempted with such suicide, that they may be touched by the grace of God before, and avoid such final crime. They need HOPE; they need to be told that God has a marvellous purpose for each of us; let us respond to His love, embracing the Faith and repenting for our sins.
Since suicide is bad, very bad, it is quite clear that helping suicide by euthanasia is also bad, very bad. It is so much the more evil that it further puts pressure on elderly and terminally ill patients to commit suicide; such person can often be burdens on their family and friends (it is not easy to care for elderly parents or relatives, and can be costly): if euthanasia is permitted by laws, then there will be pressures put on them to commit suicide, and thus to lose their souls forever. People think that what the civil law permits is OK: and so many more people would end up their life with the terrible crime of suicide and many would become accomplices in such crime. This is a very threatening evil in our modern world: they first accepted the horrible crime of abortion destroying life at its beginning, and they are now accepting the horrible crime of euthanasia destroying life at its end. This is truly a culture of death: truly ¡°the wages of sin is death. But the grace of God, life everlasting, in Christ Jesus our Lord¡± (Rom. 6:23).
It is important to point out that the true Christian hope, the Catholic hope, is not on earth, but in Heaven: ¡°If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men most miserable¡± (1 Cor. 15:19). But our hope is hope of everlasting life, hope of sublime happiness, hope of seeing God face to face: ¡°Behold what manner of charity the Father hath bestowed upon us, that we should be called, and should be the sons of God. Therefore the world knoweth not us, because it knew not him. Dearly beloved, we are now the sons of God; and it hath not yet appeared what we shall be. We know, that, when he shall appear, we shall be like to him: because we shall see him as he is. And every one that hath this hope in him, sanctifieth himself, as he also is holy¡± (1 Jn. 3:1-3).
Today – especially with the present pope – some Catholics would make people think that the purpose of the Church is ¡°social welfare¡±. Though the works of corporal mercy that the Church has done in the past and still in the present are outstanding and really marvellous, yet these are not the main work: the main work of the Church is to beget souls to eternal life, to make of them ¡°children of God, and heirs of Heaven¡±. And such hope gives a meaning not only to life, but to suffering itself, as St Paul says: ¡°we are the sons of God. And if sons, heirs also; heirs indeed of God, and joint heirs with Christ: yet so, if we suffer with him, that we may be also glorified with him¡± (Rom. 8:16-17).
So the virtue of Hope is truly a very great virtue. It is one of the three ¡°theological virtues¡±: Faith, Hope and Charity. These virtues have God as their object: we believe God, we hope God, and we love God; indeed the object that we know by Faith is God himself, the most Holy Trinity and God¡¯s work for our salvation; the object that we hope is God himself: we hope nothing less from God than God himself. And the object that we love is God himself, with a marvellous love of friendship. Also the motive of these three virtues is God Himself: we believe God, relying on the Word of God, on the testimony of God, on the signature of God (by miracles and prophecies). Similarly we hope God, relying on God¡¯s help: how could we ever reach such eternal beatitude by our own strength? It is simply impossible. It is relying on the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ that we can expect to reach that vision of God face to face in which consists eternal beatitude. And lastly we love God because of His own infinite Goodness in Himself.
Thus St Thomas Aquinas teaches that the virtue of hope has these two aspects: an immense desire for God, with great trust in God¡¯s help that we will reach there, reach Heaven, reach eternal beatitude, through the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ.
This hope is thus the remedy for despair, so common in the modern world. It is also a great encouragement in suffering. And this heavenly desire lifts ourselves above material things, and makes us despise the things of this world and long for the eternal good. Thus it is a remedy against thinking that the Church¡¯s purpose is merely social work.
Let us pray to our Lady, whose Assumption we celebrated two weeks ago, that we may truly long for Heaven, and reach this Kingdom through the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, and the maternal intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Amen.
Fr. Lainey (sspxasia)