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Á¦¸ñ ¿¹Á¤¼³/Predestination
ÀÛ¼ºÀÚ °ü¸®ÀÚ ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ 2016-08-04





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Áú¹® ½ÅºÎ´Ô, Á¦°¡ Áú¹®ÇÏ°í ½ÍÀº °ÍÀº, ¿ì¸® °¡Å縯 ½ÅÀÚµéÀº ¿¹Á¤¼³À» ¹ÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÅÁÒ? ±×·±µ¥ ³» Ä£±¸°¡ ´ÙÀ½ ±¸ÀýÀ» ¹°¾îº¾´Ï´Ù. ¡°Àú ¾È¿¡ ´ç½Å ¼ºÀÇ(á¡ëò)ÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿ì½Å °áÁ¤À» µû¶ó ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ½ÇÇàÇϽô ÀÌÀÇ °èȹÀ» ÁÀ¾Æ ¿¹Á¤µÈ ¿ì¸®µéÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ¾à¼ÓµÈ ±¸¿øÀÇ À¯¾÷ÀÇ Âü¿©ÀÚ°¡ µÇ¾ú´À´Ï¶ó.¡±(¿¡Æä¼Ò1;11) ÀÌ ±¸ÀýÀº ¹«¾ùÀ» ¸»ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌÁÒ?


´äº¯ ¿¹Á¤¼³Àº ¹Ù¿À·Î ¼ºÀβ²¼­ °¡¸£Ä¡½Å °ÍÀε¥, ±×·¡¼­ ¿ì¸® °¡Å縯ÀεéÀº ¿Ã¹Ù¸¥ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î, Áï ¹Ù¿À·Î ¼ºÀβ²¼­ °¡¸£Ä¡½Å ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î À̸¦ ¹Ï½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °³½Å±³ ¹æ½ÄÀº À̸¦ ¿Ö°îÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


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5. õÁÖ´ÔÀº ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ±¸¿øÀ» ÀÌ·çÁö ¾Ê°í ±×Àú ¾É¾Æ ÁöÄѸ¸ º»´Ù´Â ÀǹÌÀΰ¡? Àý´ë ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù! ¿¹Á¤¼³À» Á¦´ë·Î ÀÌÇØÇؾßÇÏ´Ï, ÀÌ ¿¹Á¤¼³Àº µÎ °¡Áö ¼Ò¹ÚÇÑ ¿ø¸®°¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù:


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ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¿¹Á¤¼³¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀǹÌÀÔ´Ï´Ù: õÁÖ´ÔÀº ¼ºÀεéÀÇ ±¸¿ø¿¡ À־ Á¦ 1¿øÀÎÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í ù ¹ø° ¿øÀÎÀ¸·Î¼­ µÎ ¹ø° ¿øÀο¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, õÁÖ´Ôµµ ¿ì¸®¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ¹Ý´ë·Î ¿ì¸®°¡ õÁÖ²² ÀÇÁ¸ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¼ºÀεéÀº ¿Ïº®ÇÏ°Ô ÃµÁÖ²² ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ¿© »ç¼Ì°í, ±×ºÐ²² ¹ÐÂøµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, Ç×»ó ±×ºÐÀÇ ¶æÀ» ÀÌÇàÇÏ°í ¼±¾÷À» ¼öÇàÇϸç, õÁÖ´ÔÀÇ ÀÏÀ» µµ¸ðÇÏ´Â ¼ºÁ÷Àڷμ­ °Å·èÇÑ ÀÏÀ» ÇÏ°í ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î ¾ÇÀ» ÇÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


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6. ½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀÎ °á·Ð: ¡°¾ÇÀ» ¸Ö¸®ÇÏ°í ¼±À» ÇàÇÒ °ÍÀÌ¿ä, ÆòÈ­¸¦ Ãß±¸ÇÏ¿© ±×¸¦ µû¸¦ °ÍÀÌ´Ï...¡±(º£µå·Î Àü3;11) ±×¸®°í °¡Å縯 ÀüÅë(¼ºÀüá¡îî)À» ¹ÏÀ¸¼¼¿ä. ¼º¼­¿¡ ½Å·Ú¸¦ °¡Áö½Ã°í ¿ì¸® ÁÖ´Ô²²¼­ Ä£È÷ Á¾µµµéÀ» °¡¸£Ä¡½Ã°í, ±× Á¾µµµéÀÌ °è½ÂÀڵ鿡°Ô °¡¸£Ä£ °ÍÀ» ¹ÏÀ¸¼¼¿ä.... ±×¸®°í ±×ºÐµéÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§Àº ¼ö¼¼±â¿¡ °ÅÃÄ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô Ãæ½ÇÈ÷ Àü´ÞµÈ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.


       Predestination

Q  Father, I would like to ask, we Catholics do not believe in predestination right? But my friend asked what about this verse, ¡°In whom we also are called by lot, being predestinated according to the purpose of him who worketh all things according to the counsel of his will.¡± (Ephesians 1:11) What is the verse trying to say?

A  ¡°Predestination is taught by St Paul, and we, Catholics, believe it the right way, i.e. the way St Paul taught it – NOT the way the Protestant distort it.
 This is a difficult question, and one needs to know that St Ignatius recommends NOT speaking much about it, because some people can easily get confused. So from the beginning, here is my recommendation:


  1.¡°BESTOW upon us, O Lord, both an abiding fear and an abiding love of Thy Holy Name. For those to whom Thou teachest the depths of Thy love, never dost Thou fail to govern by Thy grace. Through our Lord. Amen.¡± If one keep the ¡°gift of fear of the Lord¡± and a great ¡°Love of God above all things¡±, then one will be protected from wrong misunderstandings of the Protestants. HUMILITY AND CHARITY are the two necessary ingredient of the gift of Wisdom, required to understand such difficult questions.


2.The protestants believe ¡°once saved, always saved¡±, no matter what you do: because they think of ¡°salvation¡± as an external justification, comparing it to God writing your name in the book of the elects: once written, that is it, God has predestined you, you are sure to go to Heaven, no matter what you do. THIS IS COMPLETELY FALSE UNDERSTANDING. Such false understanding leads them to reject good works, as wrongs, because – so they think – if one thinks he ¡°works out his salvation¡±, then it would in their mind deny that God is the first Author of our salvation. And with this rejection of good works, many other errors follow.


3.The truth is that God is infinitely above ourselves; He lives in Eternity, and we in time. We cannot put God in our little ideas, and must not think of Him as of a ¡°fellow¡± at our level. So God does not predestine someone when he is baptised, not even when he makes a ¡°altar call¡± or whatever protestants have, as if they had not been predestined before and would start to be on such day¡¦ In fact there are people who believe for a while, and then fall away (Lk 8:13) – that verse of the Scriptures, such protestants cannot swallow, and they would explain you that these people did not really believe¡¦ Well, that is NOT what our Lord said. He said: ¡°they believe for a while, and in time of temptation, they fall away¡± (Lk. 8:13).


4.In eternity, God knows, has known, and will ever know those who will be for ever in heaven, and those who will be for ever in hell. He knows all things, He does not start to know them: He has always known them. Yet that does not mean that ¡°our lot is set and cannot change¡± – because we live in time, and IN TIME, our ¡°lot¡± is not yet set, though it is set in eternity; but we do not yet live in eternity. Because we still live in time, St Paul says: ¡°work out your salvation with fear and trembling¡± (Phil. 2:12): our salvation entirely depends on our good works in time: we have our soul in our hands, and what we choose now will decide where we will go for eternity! If we do good, obey God, love our Lord Jesus Christ and our neighbour for love of Him, practice good works (see Mt. 25:40), we will go to Heaven: indeed Christ will give ¡°to them indeed, who according to patience in good work, seek glory and honour and incorruption, eternal life:¡± (Rom. 2:7), because He ¡°will render to every man according to his works¡± (Rom. 2:6). ¡°For not the hearers of the law are just before God, but the doers of the law shall be justified¡± (Rom. 2:13).


 5.Does that mean that God just sits by and looks without causing our salvation? Not at all! And here is the right understanding of ¡°predestination¡±, it holds in TWO simple principles:


 a) God is the first cause of ALL the good we do; we are only the secondary cause of the good we do. The ultimate effect (the ¡°good work¡±) is entirely from us as from its secondary cause, and entirely from God as from its primary cause. 


 b) We are the first responsible of the evil we do: God does not move us to evil at all. The damned are fully responsible for their own damnation, and can¡¯t blame God for it: He did not want their sin, He inclined them in the opposite direction and they ¡°resisted the Holy Ghost¡± (Act. 7:51). He inflicts them a just penalty for their sin.


 One cause of confusion for certain people is that they consider good and evil as if they were on the same level: they are not! Good is a certain fullness of being, evil is the privation of due good, privation of being: thus good is above evil, and therefore it is very understandable that the first cause of good is above the first responsible for evil!


 Now this is precisely the meaning of predestination: God is the first cause of the salvation of the saints. And as the first cause does not depend on the secondary cause, neither is God dependent on us, but rather the contrary: the saints lived perfectly in dependence on God, adhering to Him and doing His Will at all time, performing good works, holy works as ministers of God, and fully avoiding evil.


 Those who re
ject this Catholic understanding of predestination in fact do not want to be subject to God, they want to believe their own thinking rather than the teaching of the Church whom our Lord Jesus Christ has founded. This is proud rebellion, and not humble submission to God.


6.Practical conclusion: ¡°decline from evil, and do good! Seek after peace and pursue it!¡± (1 Pet. 3:11). And believe the Tradition of the Catholic Church, to whom the true sense of the Scripture has been entrusted by our Lord Himself, Who taught His apostles, and they taught their successors¡¦ and they teaching was faithfully transmitted through the centuries to us.